2021英语备课资料：2022高考英语一轮复习语法考点代词、介词和冠词专练（三）

2022高考英语一轮复习语法考点代词、介词和冠词专练（三）

一、基础达标测试（本题共30小题，每题1分，共30分）

1.(2020.北京3月份质检) Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for??? while, exercising, or dong something you enjoy.

【答案】a

【解析】考查固定短语。介词短语for a while一会；本句是指通过锻炼或做一些你喜欢的事情，让你的身体和思维休息一会。

2.(2020.沈阳5月份模拟)______ time, when the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.

【答案】over

【解析】考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，当人口逐渐增长，人们开始把食物切成小块，这样可以煮的快一点。Over time意为“随着时间的推移”，故填over.

3.(2020.浙江二模) In India, for example, most people traditionally eat??? their hands.

【答案】with

【解析】考查介词。句意：在印度，大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法－－用手拿，with＋表示具体工具的名词，故填with.

4.(2020·山东省一模)You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself ______ number of questions.

【答案】a?

【解析】考查固定短语。短语a number of许多，大量；该形容词短语通常做定语修饰可数名词复数形式，本句中使用a number of修饰可数名词复数形式questions.故填a.

5.However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard, and that his mother was a witch, both of ________ （they）murdered by an evil wizard.

【答案】them

【解析】考查人称代词。句意：然而，他后来发现他的父亲是一个巫师，他的母亲是一个女巫，他们都被一个邪恶的巫师谋杀了。此处指代他的父母，应用人称代词，位于介词之后，用宾格。故填them.
6.If you want to go to the party with me, you should behave ??????????(you) well.

【答案】yourself

【解析】考查反身代词。句意：如果你想和我一起去参加聚会，你应该表现得很好。动词短语behave oneself表现好，懂规矩，故填yourself.
7.Generation after generation, our forefathers worked hard and created a splendid culture on this land of _________________(us).

【答案】ours

【解析】考查名词性物主代词。句意：一代又一代，我们的先辈们在这片土地上辛勤工作，创造了灿烂的文化。根据句意可知是在我们的土地上，of是介词，后边需要名词，根据句意，可知需要填名词性物主代词，故填ours.
8.No matter when I go to a post office and no matter where the post office is, I always find ________ (me) standing in a line behind someone who has a lot of business to do.

【答案】myself

【解析】考查代词。句意：不管我什么时候去邮局也不管邮局在哪儿，我总是发现自己排在某个有许多业务要办理的人的后边。本句主语是I，根据语境，此处表示“发现自己……”，find oneself doing sth.意为“发现自己在做某事”。故填myself.

9.Can you make sense ________ what this writer is saying?

【答案】of

【解析】考查固定短语和介词of。句意：你能理解这位作者在说什么吗？结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语“理解”，make sense of意为“理解”。设空处需填介词of。故填of.
10.I’d appreciate it if you could make helpful comments ________ my work.

【答案】on\about

【解析】考查介词。句意：如果你能对我的工作提出有益的意见，我将不胜感激。根据comments 与my work之间的关系，可知要用介词on/about。make?comments?on /about...对......发表评论/意见，固定短语。故填on\about?.
11.The subject of the talk is announced a week ________ advance.

【答案】in

【解析】考查介词。句意：谈话的主题提前一周宣布。in advance提前，是固定短语，故填in.
12.It suddenly occurred ________ him that he should adopt the homeless child.

【答案】to

【解析】考查固定搭配和介词。句意：他突然想到要收养那个无家可归的孩子。sth. occur?to?sb.某人突然想到某事，固定搭配。故填to.
13.Nobody knew why he was often heavily _________________debt.

【答案】in

【解析】考查固定短语或介词in。句意：没人知道为什么他经常债台高筑。in debt欠债，固定短语，故填in.
14.I'm writing to offer my congratulations to you ________ winning the gold medal.

【答案】on

【解析】句意：我写信是为了祝贺你获得金牌。congratulations to sb. on sth.祝贺某人某事，固定短语。故填on.
15.They left in such ________ hurry that they forgot to lock the door.

【答案】a

【解析】本题考查冠词和固定短语。句意：他们走得如此匆忙，以至于忘了锁门。短语in a hurry“匆忙，急促”，故填a.

16.Michael is great to work for. I really couldn't find _____________ better boss.

【答案】a

【解析】考查冠词。句意：为迈克尔工作很好。我真的找不到一个更好的老板。空格后有boss，老板。可数名词单数，better以辅音开头的，要用不定冠词a.故填a.

17.As __________ child I started learning to play the piano but soon decided to stop so that I could concentrate more on my studies.

【答案】a

【解析】句意：作为一个孩子，我开始学习弹钢琴，但很快就决定停下来，这样我就可以更多地集中精力学习。此处泛指一个，故用不定冠词。故填a.
18.Studies in China have shown that a person who can write well should have _________ good knowledge of between 3,000 and 4,000 characters.

【答案】a

【解析】考查冠词和固定短语。句意：中国的研究表明，一个写作好的人应该精通3,000到4,000个汉字。have a good knowledge of“精通，熟练掌握”，为固定搭配。故填a.
19.Built in the Qing Dynasty, the temple has a history of 300 years. It was restored at the government's expense in ________1990s.

【答案】the

【解析】考查冠词。句意：这座寺庙建于清朝，有300年的历史了。20世纪90年代在政府的资助下它被修复了。in the 1990s为固定用法，意为“在20世纪90年代”，故填the.
20.China is a great country with ________ area of more than 9,600 thousand square kilometers.

【答案】an

【解析】考查冠词。句意：中国是一个面积超过960万平方公里的大国。此处泛指一个多大的面积，因此用不定冠词，且area是元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an.短语with an area of意为“有着多大的面积”。故填an.
二、真题实战演练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）

1.（2020.全国卷III）We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _____ dogs，seven to be exact.

【答案】of

【解析】考查固定短语。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of.

2.（2020.浙江卷）Everybody wears______ same style of clothes.

【答案】the

【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the.

3.（2020.浙江卷）But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ______ this question is not clear.

【答案】to

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：这个问题的答案不清楚。the key/answer to ...是固定搭配，意为：“……的答案是……”。故填to.

4.（2019.全国卷II）Corn uses less water???? rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff.

【答案】than　

【解析】考查介词。句意:玉米用水量比水稻少,造成更少的化肥流失。根据句中的less可知,此处表示比较,故填than.

5.（2019.全国卷III）Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ?????top of her lungs.

【答案】the　

【解析】考查固定短语。句意:出乎意料的是,我正与那只大猩猩面对面,它开始声嘶力竭地尖叫。at the top of one’s lungs意为“声嘶力竭地”。故填the.

?6.（2019.全国卷III）I was searching ?????these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.

【答案】for　

【解析】考查动词短语。句意:我正在搜寻这三只我一直在观察的西部低地大猩猩。search for为动词短语,意为“搜寻”。故填for.

7.(2017.全国卷Ⅰ) This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)　????a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease

【答案】as　

【解析】考查介词。句意：这种趋势是由医学界开始的，是一种对抗心脏病的方法，它产生了一些意想不到的副作用，如超重和心脏病。as在此处作介词,意为“作为”。故填as.

8.(2017.全国卷Ⅰ) As　????result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.

【答案】a　

【解析】考查冠词和固定短语。句意:结果,人们会吃更多的东西来努力弥补所缺的东西。as a result结果。故填a.

9.(2016·全国卷I )On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ______ (it) mother.

【答案】their

【解析】考查物主代词。句意：在我最近的一次拜访中，我帮助了一个被它们的母亲拒绝的可爱的双胞胎之一。题干中表示“它们的母亲”，所以填their.

10.(2016·全国卷I )The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, _____ other is with mum-she never suspects.

【答案】the

【解析】考查固定用法。题干中表示“这样一个由人工喂养，另一个由熊猫妈妈喂养”，one …the other一个……另一个，该用法是固定用法，所以填the.

三、代词、介词和冠词专项综合训练（本题共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）

My husband and I were paying a visit 1.______my parents in Tucson.We went to 2.______ fast food restaurant for dinner together. My husband went to the counter to order dishes and I stood with my parents.

My dad is 3________80-year-old man.He can hardly see very well and walks with a stick．I was scanning the restaurant, waiting to sit at the first table that was more convenient 4._______others.A woman who was sitting with her son made eye contact with me and asked me to come to her. 5.________ with a puzzled look on my face, I pointed to 6._________(myself) and said, “Me？” She nodded and said, “Yes，you.” I walked to the table and she said, “Bring your family here.I can finish eating at the counter. My son is in 7.______hurry to leave anyway.” My eyes were full 8.______tears as she wiped down the table and guided my dad to the seat.

I always believe that there are naturally kind people in this world.This has set a good example 9.________her son , who is 10._______ really lucky guy.

1.【答案】to

【解析】本题考查固定搭配。句意：我和我丈夫去图森拜访我的父母。固定短语pay a visit to“看望某人”，故填to.

2.【答案】a

【解析】本题考查冠词。句意：我们一起去了一家快餐店吃晚饭。不定冠词表示泛指，故填a.

3.【答案】an

【解析】本题考查冠词。句意：我爸爸今年80岁了。且80-year-old中eighty是元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an.故填an.

4.【答案】than

【解析】本题考查介词。句意：我正在扫视餐厅，等着坐在第一张桌子旁边，因为它比其它桌子更方便。根据句中的more convenient可知, 此处表示比较,故填than.

5.【答案】With

【解析】考查with短语复合结构。句意：我脸上露出困惑的表情，指着我自己说道。With+宾语+介宾短语，是一种复合结构，在句中作状语。置于句首首字母大写。故填With.

6.【答案】myself

【解析】本题考查反身代词。句意：同上句。主语和宾语表示同一个人，需要用反身代词。故填myself.

7.【答案】a

【解析】本题考查冠词和固定短语。句意：我儿子急着要离开。固定短语in a hurry“匆忙，急促”， 故填a.

8.【答案】of

【解析】本题考查介词和固定搭配。句意：我的双眼充满了泪水。固定短语be full of“充满，装满”，故填of.

9.【答案】to

【解析】本题考查介词和固定搭配。句意：这为她的儿子树立了一个很好的榜样。固定短语set a good example to sb“给某人树立好榜样”，故填to

10.【答案】a

【解析】本题考查冠词。句意：这为她的儿子树立了一个很好的榜样，这个孩子真的是一个很幸运的家伙。此处不定冠词表示特指，且really lucky guy是辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a.故填a.

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